Maximum and minimum inner speech in reading

Abstract

The Chapman-Cook Speed of Reading Tests (forms A and B) were given to 305 adult students, with instructions in one form to "pronounce every word in inner speech" and in the other form to refrain from inner speech. Speed of reading was found to be superior under conditions of minimum inner speech, and there was a slight superiority in favor of the younger members of the group. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved)