When You Think About It, Your Past Is in Front of You
Juanma de la Fuente, Julio Santiago, Antonio Román, Cristina Dumitrache, Daniel Casasanto
Psychological Science · 2014 · Volume 25 · Issue 9
Abstract
In Arabic, as in many languages, the future is “ahead” and the past is “behind.” Yet in the research reported here, we showed that Arabic speakers tend to conceptualize the future as behind and the past as ahead of them, despite using spoken metaphors that suggest the opposite. We propose a new account of how space-time mappings become activated in individuals’ minds and entrenched in their cultures, the temporal-focus hypothesis: People should conceptualize either the future or the past as in front of them to the extent that their culture (or subculture) is future oriented or past oriented. Results support the temporal-focus hypothesis, demonstrating that the space-time mappings in people’s minds are conditioned by their cultural attitudes toward time, that they depend on attentional focus, and that they can vary independently of the space-time mappings enshrined in language.
Keywords
cross-cultural differences, conceptual metaphor, mental models, space, time, open data
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