Accounting for time dependence in large-scale multiple testing of event-related potential data
Ching-Fan Sheu, Émeline Perthame, Yuh-shiow Lee, David Causeur
The Annals of Applied Statistics · 2016 · Volume 10 · Issue 1
Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) are recordings of electrical activity along the scalp time-locked to perceptual, motor and cognitive events. Because ERP signals are often rare and weak, relative to the large between-subject variability, establishing significant associations between ERPs and behavioral (or experimental) variables of interest poses major challenges for statistical analysis. Noting that ERP time dependence exhibits a block pattern suggesting strong local and long-range autocorrelation components, we propose a flexible factor modeling of dependence. An adaptive factor adjustment procedure is derived from a joint estimation of the signal and noise processes, given a prior knowledge of the noise-alone intervals. A simulation study is presented using known signals embedded in a real dependence structure extracted from authentic ERP measurements. The proposed procedure performs well compared with existing multiple testing procedures and is more powerful at discovering interesting ERP features.
Keywords
Dependence, ERP data, High-dimensional data, multiple testing
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