Equilibrium Provider Networks: Bargaining and Exclusion in Health Care Markets
American Economic Review · 2019 · Volume 109 · Issue 2
Abstract
We evaluate the consequences of narrow hospital networks in commercial health care markets. We develop a bargaining solution, "Nash-in-Nash with Threat of Replacement," that captures insurers' incentives to exclude, and combine it with California data and estimates from Ho and Lee (2017) to simulate equilibrium outcomes under social, consumer, and insurer-optimal networks. Private incentives to exclude generally exceed social incentives, as the insurer benefits from substantially lower negotiated hospital rates. Regulation prohibiting exclusion increases prices and premiums and lowers consumer welfare without significantly affecting social surplus. However, regulation may prevent harm to consumers living close to excluded hospitals.
Keywords
Bargaining Theory, Matching Theory, Network Formation and Analysis: Theory, Insurance, Insurance Companies, Actuarial Studies, State and Local Government: Health, Education, Welfare, Public Pensions, Analysis of Health Care Markets, Health Insurance, Public and Private, Health: Government Policy, Regulation, Public Health
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