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Digital Dystopia

Jean Tirole

American Economic Review · 2021 · Volume 111 · Issue 6

DOI: 10.1257/aer.20201214

Abstract

Autocratic regimes, democratic majorities, private platforms, and religious or professional organizations can achieve social control by managing the flow of information about individuals' behavior. Bundling the agents' political, organizational, or religious attitudes with information about their prosocial conduct makes them care about behaviors that they otherwise would not. The incorporation of the individuals' social graph in their social score further promotes soft control but destroys the social fabric. Both bundling and guilt by association are most effective in a society that has weak ties and is politically docile.

Keywords

Altruism, Philanthropy, Intergenerational Transfers, Political Processes: Rent-seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior, Search, Learning, Information and Knowledge, Communication, Belief, Unawareness, Micro-Based Behavioral Economics: Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making, Human Rights Law, Gender Law, Economic Sociology, Economic Anthropology, Language, Social and Economic Stratification

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