An Activity Theory Approach to Modeling Dispatch-Mediated Emergency Response
Valecha, Roht, Rao, Raghav, Upadhyaya, Shambhu, Sharman, Raj
Journal of the Association for Information Systems · 2019 · Volume 20 · Issue 1
Abstract
Emergency response involves multiple local, state, and federal communities of responders. These communities are supported by emergency dispatch agencies that share digital traces of task-critical information. However, the communities of responders often comprise an informal network of people and lack structured mechanisms of information sharing. To standardize the exchange of task-critical information in communities of responders, we develop a conceptual modeling grammar. We base the grammar on an activity-theory perspective and ground it in an analysis of emergency dispatch incident reports. The paper contributes to research in dispatch-mediated emergency response literature by (1) developing a framework of elements and relationships to support critical information flow within emergency communities of responders, (2) developing a conceptual modeling grammar for modeling emergency tasks in dispatch-mediated emergency response, and (3) implementing a prototype system to demonstrate the utility of the conceptual modeling grammar.
Keywords
Dispatch-Mediated Response, Conceptual Modeling Grammar, Activity Theory, Emergency Response, Community of Responders, Information Sharing
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