Technical Development in Cotton Manufacturing Since 1860

Abstract

Outline of the manufacturing process, 110. — Improvements in the various departments since 1860, 112. — I. Preliminary processes: opening, picking, carding, and drawing, 112. — Relative importance of contributions by American and by English inventors, 120. — II. Ring spinning and mule spinning compared, 121. — Reasons why former predominates in United States and the latter in Great Britain, 129. — III. Preparation of warp yarn, 133. — Spooling, 133. — Warping, 134. — And Sizing, 136. — IV. Weaving, 140. — Plain looms, 143. Automatic looms, 144. — Comparison with methods of weaving in Europe, 147. — V. Variety of methods and machines for finishing the cloth, 152. — Bleaching, 152. — Printing, 153. — Dyeing, 153. — Mercerizing, 156. — Finishing, 157. — Significance of the improvements in the machinery and processes for manufacturing cotton cloth during the last fifty years, 158.