Managerial Work: The Influence of Hierarchical Level and Functional Specialty

Abstract

The article examines the importance of managerial skills across functional and general management areas. It examines the influence of hierarchical level and functional specialty on managerial roles and required skills, knowledge, and abilities. The picture of the manager as a reflective planner, organizer, leader, and controller recently has come under strong criticism. In his description of managerial work, emphasized that the manager's job can be defined in terms of 10 roles within 3 areas: interpersonal, informational, and decisional, that are common to the work of all managers.